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Building management system (BMS) also known as building automation system (BAS) refers to a computer-based control system that needs to be installed within buildings to monitor and regulate the building’s electrical and mechanical equipment such as power system, lighting, and ventilation to confirm sustainability.
Given that the systems connected to a BMS usually represent a building’s energy use of 40%, this percentage will approach 70% in case lighting is included.
It is essential for a BMS to be set up because they are critical elements to intelligently manage the energy demand, for example, electrical system, plumbing, fire alarm system, heating ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC), electric power control, and illumination control.
As a result, through BMS, building management requires to have electronic centralised regulation of a building’s air-conditioning, ventilation and heating, lighting, and other building systems.
Bearing in mind enhanced utilities’ life cycle, decrease in energy operating costs and consumption, building systems’ efficient operation, and comfort of the occupant, the BMS objectives require to be enhanced.
Consequently, distributed control system’s great work on the computer networking of automation instruments should be structured to control and monitor the HVAC and humidity ventilation, control systems, lighting, flood and fire safety, security, and mechanical systems within a building.
Therefore, the core functionality of a BAS should be retained within the building climate in a specified range, offer malfunction alarms to the maintenance staff of a building, monitor device failure and performance in all building systems, and lighting to rooms based on an occupancy schedule.
Compared to uncontrolled buildings, a BAS reduces building energy and costs of maintenance, hence most industrial, institutional, and commercial buildings constructed after 2000 include a BMS that should be restructured for a timeworn building.
Normally, several timeworn buildings have been retrofitted with a novel BAS, financed via insurance and energy savings, as well as other savings linked with fault detection and preemptive maintenance.
So, it is regarded that a building regulated by a BMS is frequently termed as an intelligent building, a “smart home” in case of residence or just a “smart building.”
When proprietary procedures were used in homes, industrial and commercial buildings must have in history depended on healthy recognised procedures such as BACnet.
Current IEEE standards and groups’ efforts have offered a standard-based grounds for different networking of several instruments in several physical networks for varied purposes and service quality and failover, which promises proper support to human safety and health.
Designing building to accommodate a BAS for energy, water, and air preservation characteristics, as well as appropriate electrical instrument demand response in a typical BAS function, is necessary. This is due to the fact that it is the more refined ventilation and moisture monitoring needed of “tight” insulation for achieving environmental sustainability.